孫濤 王瑞浩 萬(wàn)雷 欒一剛 王忠義
摘? 要:現(xiàn)階段,由于本科教學(xué)長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)注重書本知識(shí)的傳授,以燃?xì)廨啓C(jī)專業(yè)為例,過(guò)于強(qiáng)調(diào)專業(yè)性,知識(shí)過(guò)于枯燥、難懂,高校作為人才培養(yǎng)的重要陣地,必須切實(shí)加強(qiáng)大學(xué)生科技創(chuàng)新團(tuán)隊(duì)的建設(shè),提升創(chuàng)新能力培養(yǎng)水平,為建設(shè)創(chuàng)新型國(guó)家輸送更多的創(chuàng)新型人才。文章以學(xué)生科技創(chuàng)新社團(tuán)的建立與實(shí)踐進(jìn)行研究,目標(biāo)為建立健全的由本科生、碩士生和博士生組成的梯級(jí)創(chuàng)新團(tuán)隊(duì),形成學(xué)習(xí)基本知識(shí)—發(fā)現(xiàn)實(shí)際問(wèn)題—探求解決方法—進(jìn)行成果輸出的創(chuàng)新模式,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生獨(dú)立自主的科技創(chuàng)新品質(zhì)。通過(guò)與專業(yè)相關(guān)單位、學(xué)術(shù)團(tuán)體建立合作關(guān)系,開展了各類創(chuàng)新實(shí)踐活動(dòng)。培養(yǎng)了學(xué)生的實(shí)踐能力,發(fā)揮了學(xué)生的創(chuàng)新精神,為高校的教學(xué)、科研提供了一定程度上的幫助,使學(xué)生、高校和社會(huì)組織各方都受到了一定的益處。
關(guān)鍵詞:燃?xì)廨啓C(jī);創(chuàng)新團(tuán)隊(duì);創(chuàng)新模式;實(shí)踐活動(dòng)
中圖分類號(hào):G640? ? ? ? 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼:A? ? ? ? ? ?文章編號(hào):2096-000X(2021)23-0035-04
Abstract: For a long time, undergraduate teaching has been focusing on the imparting of book knowledge. Taking the Gas Turbine major as an example, too much emphasis is placed on professionalism, and the knowledge is too boring and difficult to understand. As an important base of talent training, colleges and universities must earnestly strengthen the construction of college students' scientific and technological innovation team, improve the level of innovation ability training, and provide more innovative talents for the construction of an innovative country. This paper studies the establishment and practice of the students' science and technology innovation community. The research goal is to establish and improve the cascade innovation team composed of undergraduates, master's students and doctoral students, to form an innovation mode of learning basic knowledge, finding practical problems, seeking solutions and output results, and to cultivate students' independent quality of scientific and technological innovation. Through establishing cooperative relations with relevant professional units and academic groups, various innovative practice activities have been carried out. It cultivates students' practical ability, gives full play to students' innovative spirit, and provides a certain degree of help for teaching and scientific research in colleges and universities, benefiting students, colleges and social organizations to some extent.
Keywords: Gas Turbine; innovation team; innovation mode; practice activities
我國(guó)高等教育已經(jīng)進(jìn)入了新的發(fā)展時(shí)期,特別是《國(guó)家中長(zhǎng)期教育改革和發(fā)展規(guī)劃綱要2010-2020年》頒布之后,全面提高質(zhì)量已成為高等教育發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵和全社會(huì)關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)。以燃?xì)廨啓C(jī)專業(yè)為例,我國(guó)燃?xì)廨啓C(jī)的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀與國(guó)外的燃?xì)廨啓C(jī)先進(jìn)技術(shù)相比存在著不小的差距,這就使得燃?xì)廨啓C(jī)專業(yè)學(xué)生的培養(yǎng)尤為重要,特別是針對(duì)其科技創(chuàng)新能力的培養(yǎng),是我國(guó)燃?xì)廨啓C(jī)事業(yè)發(fā)展的重中之重。
一、背景研究
(一)研究意義和前景
我國(guó)高校對(duì)創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)教育的研究和實(shí)踐起步較晚,雖然在社會(huì)上呼聲很高,但各高校重視程度不相同,自主開展創(chuàng)業(yè)教育的力度和深度有限,即使部分高校設(shè)置了相關(guān)課程,但在形式上多采用選修課的方式開展教育,且多理論課程,缺乏實(shí)踐課程,導(dǎo)致創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)課程不成體系,學(xué)生參與創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)教育的積極性不高,無(wú)法達(dá)到真正的人才培養(yǎng)目標(biāo)[1]。組建科技創(chuàng)新協(xié)會(huì)的目的是為了提高大學(xué)生的科技創(chuàng)新能力,其是實(shí)現(xiàn)學(xué)習(xí)和科研目標(biāo)而由相互協(xié)作的個(gè)體所組成的群體??萍紕?chuàng)新協(xié)會(huì)一般由兩部分組成,分別為指導(dǎo)教師和參與學(xué)生,團(tuán)隊(duì)成員一起共同完成學(xué)習(xí)任務(wù),共同研究解決科學(xué)問(wèn)題,共同形成學(xué)習(xí)和科研創(chuàng)新成果,一般是以教師引導(dǎo),學(xué)生實(shí)踐的方式進(jìn)行。因此,高校作為人才培養(yǎng)的重要陣地,必須切實(shí)加強(qiáng)大學(xué)生科技創(chuàng)新團(tuán)隊(duì)的建設(shè),提升創(chuàng)新能力培養(yǎng)水平,為建設(shè)創(chuàng)新型國(guó)家輸送更多的創(chuàng)新型人才[2]。