安慶西江長(zhǎng)江江豚遷地保護(hù)基地浮游動(dòng)物群落現(xiàn)狀及漁產(chǎn)潛力評(píng)估

葉卿 談金豪 劉凱

摘要 于2019年對(duì)西江長(zhǎng)江江豚遷地保護(hù)基地的浮游動(dòng)物群落結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了4個(gè)季度的周年調(diào)查，共發(fā)現(xiàn)浮游動(dòng)物45屬68種，其中原生動(dòng)物24種，輪蟲類27種，枝角類10種，橈足類7種。西江浮游動(dòng)物年平均生物密度2 007.75個(gè)/L，年平均生物量為0.94 mg/L，夏季、秋季的平均密度和生物量顯著高于春季、冬季（ P <0.05）。Shannon-Wiener指數(shù)（ H ′）變幅為0.17～1.75;Margalef指數(shù)（ D ）變幅為0.20～1.79;Pielou均勻度指數(shù)（ J ）變幅為0.11～0.72。根據(jù)生物學(xué)評(píng)價(jià)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和生物多樣性指數(shù)分析水質(zhì)，西江水體屬于中營(yíng)養(yǎng)類型。根據(jù)西江浮游動(dòng)物年均生物量估算出可提供的漁產(chǎn)潛力為4.91×104 kg。

關(guān)鍵詞 浮游動(dòng)物;群落結(jié)構(gòu);生物多樣性指數(shù);現(xiàn)狀;漁產(chǎn)潛力;安慶西江長(zhǎng)江江豚遷地保護(hù)基地

中圖分類號(hào) S 917.4? 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼 A? 文章編號(hào) 0517-6611（2021）19-0082-04

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.19.020

開放科學(xué)（資源服務(wù)）標(biāo)識(shí)碼（OSID）：

Current Status of Zooplankton Community and Assessment of Fishery Potential in Yangtze Finless Porpoise Ex-situ Nature Reserve of Xijiang River in Anqing

YE Qing1， TAN Jin-hao2， LIU Kai2

（1.Shanghai Aquatic Wildlife Conservation and Research Center， Shanghai 200092;2. Fishery Resources and Environmental Science Observation and Experiment Station of the Lower Yangtze River， Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs， Freshwater Fisheries Research Center， Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences， Wuxi， Jiangsu 214081）

Abstract A survey was conducted on the zooplankton community structure of the Xijiang Yangtze River finless porpoise ex-situ nature reserve in four seasons in 2019. A total of 68 species of zooplankton were found in 45 genera， including 24 species of protozoa， 27 species of rotifers， 10 species of cladocerans and 7 species of copepods. The average annual biomass density and biomass of zooplankton in Xijiang River was 2007.75 ind./L and 0.94 mg/L， respectively.The average density and biomass in summer and autumn were significantly higher than those in spring and winter （ P <0.05）. The Shannon-Wiener index （ H ′） had a range of 0.17-1.75;the Margalef index （ D ） had a range of 0.20-1.79;the Pielou index （ J ） had a range of 0.11-0.72. According to the analysis of water quality based on the biological evaluation criteria and biodiversity index， the water of Xijiang River was mainly mesotrophic type. Based on the average annual biomass of zooplankton in the Xijiang River， the fishery potential production that could be provided was 4.91×104 kg.

Key words Zooplankton;Community structure;Biodiversity index;Current status;Fish potential production;Yangtze finless porpoise ex-situ nature reserve of Xijiang River in Anqing

基金項(xiàng)目 修復(fù)向家壩庫區(qū)漁業(yè)資源及保護(hù)長(zhǎng)江珍稀特有物種項(xiàng)目“長(zhǎng)江江豚遷地保護(hù)群體建立及現(xiàn)有群體普查交流項(xiàng)目”。

作者簡(jiǎn)介 葉卿（1980—），女，江蘇南京人，助理工程師，從事水生野生動(dòng)物保護(hù)研究。

*通信作者，研究員，博士，從事漁業(yè)資源保護(hù)與利用及長(zhǎng)江豚保護(hù)研究。

收稿日期 2021-05-10;修回日期 2021-06-10