不同硒肥對水稻產(chǎn)量及硒累積效應(yīng)的影響

晏娟 張忠平 朱同貴

摘要 以“南粳9108”為材料，在巢湖流域研究不同種類硒肥的施用對水稻產(chǎn)量和硒的吸收、累積及分配的影響，并進(jìn)行肥料效應(yīng)與成本分析。結(jié)果表明，施用硒肥沒有增加水稻產(chǎn)量，甚至可能會使水稻略微減產(chǎn)。水稻精米硒含量分析表明，葉面納米硒肥和葉面酵素硒肥有一定效果，但不很理想;葉面亞硒酸鹽硒肥效果甚至達(dá)到國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)之上;土施亞硒酸鹽硒肥效果相對較為理想，為0.12 mg/kg，處于國家規(guī)定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)之中，相對較為安全。4種硒肥效果差異很大，因硒肥成本有所不同，實(shí)際應(yīng)用還應(yīng)從農(nóng)產(chǎn)品安全、環(huán)境效應(yīng)、硒含量和經(jīng)濟(jì)效益等方面考慮。稻谷硒含量顯著高于糙米，糙米硒含量又顯著高于精米。谷殼、谷糠及稻草含有大量的硒元素，可考慮充分利用。

關(guān)鍵詞 硒肥; 水稻; 累積;效應(yīng);成本

中圖分類號 S 511;S 147.22? 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼 A? 文章編號 0517-6611（2021）19-0142-02

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.19.037

開放科學(xué)（資源服務(wù)）標(biāo)識碼（OSID）：

The Effect of Different Selenium Fertilizers on Yield and Selenium Accumulation of Rice

YAN Juan1，2， ZHANG Zhong-ping2， ZHU Tong-gui1

（1.Anhui Guangming Huaixiang Industry & Trade Group Co.，Ltd.，Hefei， Anhui 238000;2.School of Chemistry & Material Engineering，Chaohu? University，Hefei， Anhui 238000）

Abstract In this study，a feild experiment was conducted with“Nangjing9108”as test material to investigate the yield and selenium uptake，accumulation and distribution in rice under different selenium fertilizers on rice in Chaohu Lake Basin，and the fertilizer effects and cost analysis were also made.The results showed that there was no significant yield increase in rice，but might even reduce the yield slightly when applied different selenium fertilizers.It was showed that foliar nano selenium fertilizer and selenium fertilizer of leaf enzyme had certain effect，but not very ideal by the analysis of selenium content in milled rice，and the effect of foliar selenite selenium fertilizer was unexpected，even above the national standard;the effect of selenite fertilizer applicated in soil was 0.12 mg/kg，which was in the national standard，and relatively idea，also relatively safe.The effect of four kinds of selenium fertilizer was very different，and the same to the cost of selenium fertilizer，the practical application should be considered from the aspects of agricultural product safety，environmental effect，selenium content and economic benefit.The results showed that the Se content of rice was significantly higher than that of brown rice，and the Se content of brown rice was significantly higher than that of milled rice.And it was showed that a considerable part of selenium in rice accumulated in hull，chaff and straw，could be fully utilized.

Key words Selenium fertilizer;Rice;Accumulation;Effect;Cost

基金項(xiàng)目 安徽省高等學(xué)校省級自然科學(xué)研究項(xiàng)目（KJ2017A448）;2018年度安徽省博士后研究人員科研活動經(jīng)費(fèi)資助。

作者簡介 晏娟（1980—），女，安徽寧國人，副教授，博士，從事植物營養(yǎng)學(xué)研究。

*通信作者，高級農(nóng)藝師，從事作物種植研究。