楊雪松 付彧 毛慧玲 顏令義 房慶華 哈達 呂曉紅 劉靈 陶宇
[摘要]目的:探究穩(wěn)定期白癜風患者皮膚組織液sICAM-1水平的表達變化及與臨床特征的關聯(lián)性。方法:選擇30例筆者醫(yī)院收治確診的穩(wěn)定期白癜風患者為研究對象,其中尋常型20例,節(jié)段型10例,采用酶聯(lián)免疫吸附法(ELISA)對白斑處和非白斑處皮膚組織液中的sICAM-1水平進行對比分析,并由專人記錄患者的臨床特征。結(jié)果:對穩(wěn)定期白癜風患者的皮膚組織液sICAM-1水平進行檢測:①尋常型白斑處sICAM-1水平明顯高于非白斑處(P<0.05),且高于節(jié)段型(P<0.05);②白斑處sICAM-1水平與病程呈負相關性(P<0.05),尋常型和節(jié)段型白斑處sICAM-1水平與病程均呈負相關性(P<0.05);③白斑處sICAM-1水平與皮損面積呈正相關性(P<0.05);④節(jié)段型白斑處sICAM-1水平與年齡呈負相關性(P<0.05);⑤尋常型皮損面積大于節(jié)段型(P<0.05)。結(jié)論:穩(wěn)定期白癜風患者白斑處皮膚組織液中sICAM-1水平表達異常,且與患者病程和皮損面積有關。
[關鍵詞]白癜風;可溶性細胞間黏附分子-1;病程;皮損面積;年齡
[中圖分類號]R758.4+1? ? [文獻標志碼]A? ? [文章編號]1008-6455(2021)06-0083-03
Correlation Analysis between the sICAM-1 in the Skin Tissue Fluid with Stable Vitiligo and Clinical Characteristics
YANG Xue-song1,F(xiàn)U Yu2,MAO Hui-ling3,YAN Ling-yi1,F(xiàn)ANG Qing-hua1,HA Da1,LV Xiao-hong1,LIU Ling1,TAO Yu1
(1.Department of Dermatology,Daqing Longnan Hospital,the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University,Daqing 163453,Heilongjiang, China;2. Department of General Surgery,Daqing Oilfield General Hospital,Daqing 163001, Heilongjiang,China;3. Department of Science and Technology Management,Daqing Longnan Hospital,the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Daqing 163453,Heilongjiang,China)
Abstract: Objective? The correlation analysis between the sICAM-1 in the skin tissue fluid with stable vitiligo and clinical characteristics were investigated. Methods Selected 30 patients with stable vitiligo, including 20 patients with vitiligo vulgaris and 10 patients with segmental vitiligo.The levels of sICAM-1 in the skin tissue fluid at white spots and non-white spots were compared and analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).The patient's clinical characteristics were recorded by the same person. Results? The levels of sICAM-1 in the skin tissue fluid with stable vitiligo were detected: ①The levels of sICAM-1 in the white spots with vitiligo vulgaris was significantly higher than that in the non-white spots (P<0.05), and higher than that with segmental vitiligo (P<0.05). ②There was a negative correlation between the levels of sICAM-1 and course of disease in white spots (P<0.05).There was a negative correlation between the levels of sICAM-1 and course of disease in white spots with vitiligo vulgaris(P<0.05). There was a negative correlation between the levels of sICAM-1 and course of disease in white spots with segmental vitiligo(P<0.05).③There was a positive correlation between the levels of sICAM-1 and lesion area in white spots(P<0.05). ④There was a negative correlation between the levels of sICAM-1 and age in white spots with segmental vitiligo(P<0.05). ⑤The lesion area of vitiligo vulgaris was larger than that of segmental vitiligo (P<0.05). Conclusion? The expression of sICAM-1 in the skin tissue fluid with stable vitiligo was abnormal, which was related to the course of disease and lesion area.
Key words: vitiligo; sICAM-1; course of disease;lesion area;age
白癜風是一種自身免疫功能出現(xiàn)障礙導致黑素細胞特異性損傷的疾病[1-2],其發(fā)生發(fā)展和自身免疫失衡有關[3]。體內(nèi)的細胞因子可以通過合成和分泌的相互反饋以及調(diào)節(jié)作用、其受體表達的相互影響調(diào)節(jié)作用、生物學效應的影響等,形成一個非常復雜的免疫調(diào)節(jié)網(wǎng)絡[4-5]。國外研究發(fā)現(xiàn),在患者的白斑處真皮中淋巴細胞上移至表皮,且黑素細胞的破壞與淋巴細胞的浸潤同步出現(xiàn),推測兩者之間存在聯(lián)系[6]。細胞間黏附分子(ICAM-1)是淋巴細胞功能相關抗原(LFA-1)的特異性配體,經(jīng)研究證實其在淋巴細胞攻擊黑素細胞中發(fā)揮重要的連接作用[7]。而可溶性細胞間黏附分子-1(sICAM-1)是ICAM-1的脫落循環(huán)形式,血清中ICAM-1表達增加,其脫落形式sICAM-1表達也相應增加[8]。本研究檢測穩(wěn)定期白癜風患者皮膚組織液中sICAM-1水平,探究其與白癜風患者臨床特征的關聯(lián)性,現(xiàn)報道如下。
1? 資料和方法
1.1 一般資料:按照白癜風的診斷標準及分期標準[9-10]選擇2014年1月-2014年12月在筆者醫(yī)院收治的30例白癜風穩(wěn)定期患者為研究獨享,其中男14例,女16例,年齡16~72歲,病程6個月~15年,記錄患者的皮損面積,以百分比表示?;颊呔炇鹬橥鈺?。排除標準:①患有嚴重心腦血管疾病、肝腎疾病、感染、腫瘤及其他自身免疫性疾病者;②檢測前1個月內(nèi)接受免疫治療者。
1.2 方法
1.2.1 收集皮膚組織液:采用負壓吸引儀分別在穩(wěn)定期患者的白斑處和非白斑處負壓吸皰,2h后可見較為明顯的水皰,使用一次性無菌注射器采集白斑處和非白斑處的皰液,并將其放置于-20℃冰箱中存放待檢。
1.2.2 RIA kit檢測皮膚組織液中sICAM-1水平:RIA kit購于上海恪敏生物科技有限公司,測量儀器為DFM-96型放射免疫γ計數(shù)器,嚴格參照RIA kit中的操作說明書進行檢測。
1.2.3 記錄白癜風患者的臨床特征:病程以月(m)為單位,年齡以歲(y)為單位。皮損面積(%)采用“手掌法”測量,即囑患者五指并攏,1個手掌面積為1%。
1.3 統(tǒng)計學分析:采用SPSS 16.0軟件進行數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計分析,計量資料以均數(shù)±標準差(x?±s)表示,組間對比采用t檢驗,以α=0.05為檢驗統(tǒng)計標準;數(shù)據(jù)正態(tài)分布采用單樣本K-S檢驗,相關性分析采用Pearson檢驗。
2? 結(jié)果
2.1 穩(wěn)定期白癜風患者皮膚組織液中sICAM-1水平:尋常型穩(wěn)定期白癜風患者在白斑處的皮膚組織液中sICAM-1水平明顯高于非白斑處,差異有統(tǒng)計學意義(P<0.05),在節(jié)段型患者的白斑處和非白斑處皮膚組織中sICAM-1水平?jīng)]有發(fā)生明顯變化,無統(tǒng)計學意義(P>0.05),尋常型白斑處sICAM-1水平高于節(jié)段型白斑處(P<0.05),尋常型非白斑處sICAM-1水平和節(jié)段型無明顯差異(P>0.05)。見表1。
2.2 sICAM-1水平與患者病程的關系:采用Pearson相關性分析發(fā)現(xiàn)穩(wěn)定期白癜風患者白斑處皮膚組織液中sICAM-1水平與患者的病程呈負相關性(r=-0.481,P<0.05);尋常型白斑處sICAM-1水平與患者病程呈負相關性(r=-0.592,P<0.05);節(jié)段型白斑處sICAM-1水平與患者病程呈負相關性(r=-0.792,P<0.05)。見圖1。
2.3 sICAM-1水平與患者皮損面積的關系:采用Pearson相關性分析發(fā)現(xiàn)穩(wěn)定期白癜風患者白斑處皮膚組織液中sICAM-1水平與患者皮損面積呈正相關性(r=0.635,P<0.05),尋常型患者白斑處皮膚組織液中sICAM-1水平與患者的皮損面積無相關性(r=0.380,P=0.099>0.05),節(jié)段型患者白斑處皮膚組織液中sICAM-1水平與患者的皮損面積無相關性(r=0.570,P=0.086>0.05),見圖2。
2.4 sICAM-1水平與患者年齡的關系:采用Pearson相關性分析發(fā)現(xiàn)白癜風穩(wěn)定期患者白斑處皮膚組織液中sICAM-1水平與患者年齡無相關性(P>0.05),尋常型白斑處sICAM-1水平與患者年齡無相關性(P>0.05),節(jié)段型白斑處皮膚組織液中sICAM-1水平與患者年齡呈負相關性(P<0.05),見圖3。
2.5 穩(wěn)定期不同分型白癜風患者皮損面積比較:尋常型穩(wěn)定期白癜風患者皮損面積(8.80±5.50)與節(jié)段型皮損面積(2.30±1.74)比較有顯著性差異,具有統(tǒng)計學意義(t=4.827,P<0.05)。
3? 討論
ICAM-1是白癜風發(fā)病機制中的重要分子,Kaufman HL等[11]將表達ICAM-1的痘瘤病毒注射至轉(zhuǎn)移性黑素瘤患者的局部皮膚,23.08%的病例發(fā)生了白癜風,推測其介導的免疫反應導致了局部微環(huán)境異常。ICAM-1對判斷白癜風的活動程度以及臨床分型也有著指示作用,Camara-Lemarroy CR等[12]研究發(fā)現(xiàn)白癜風患者處于進展期時,sICAM-1在血清中有較高表達,推測其可作為白癜風活動與否的指標之一。國內(nèi)學者發(fā)現(xiàn)[13-15],進展期其表達水平顯著高于穩(wěn)定期,穩(wěn)定期與健康人群無異,泛發(fā)型高于局限型,穩(wěn)定期和局限型無差異。治療后其水平明顯降低,且降低程度越大,療效越好。
本研究對穩(wěn)定期白癜風患者的皮膚組織液sICAM-1水平進行了檢測,發(fā)現(xiàn)尋常型白斑處的sICAM-1水平明顯高于非白斑處(P<0.05),也高于節(jié)段型白斑處(P<0.05),提示白癜風皮損處sICAM-1水平存在表達異常,且與臨床分型有關;運用Pearson分析,將sICAM-1水平與白癜風的病程、皮損面積及年齡進行相關性統(tǒng)計,發(fā)現(xiàn)白斑處sICAM-1水平與病程呈負相關性(P<0.05),與皮損面積呈正相關性(P<0.05),而節(jié)段型sICAM-1水平與年齡呈負相關性(P<0.05),提示白癜風皮損處sICAM-1水平與白癜風臨床特征(病程、皮損面積和年齡)存在聯(lián)系,而且是隨著病程越長,因子水平逐漸降低,皮損面積越大,因子水平越高以及年齡越大,節(jié)段型因子水平越低的趨勢,通過這樣的趨勢分析,對判斷白癜風的臨床分期和分型、指導臨床治療以及判斷預后有重要的啟示意義,也為進一步探究sICAM-1水平與白癜風發(fā)生發(fā)展的關系以及治療后sICAM-1水平的變化規(guī)律情況奠定了前期研究基礎,并將有可能獲得治療新思路。
[參考文獻]
[1]Ezzedine K,Eleftheriadou V.Vitiligo and quality of life: the dark face of whiteness[J].Br J Dermatol,2018,178(1):28-29.
[2]Dwivedi M,Laddha NC,Shah K,et al.Involvement of interferon-gamma genetic variants and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in onset and progression of generalized vitiligo[J].J Interferon Cytokine Res,2013,33(11):646-659.
[3]斯拉甫·艾白,吐爾遜·烏甫爾,艾則孜·亞森,等.維醫(yī)藥綜合治療與白癜風患者神經(jīng)內(nèi)分泌免疫功能的相關性研究[J].中藥藥理與臨床,2012,28(3):156-161.
[4]Wu XG,Hong WS,Xu A.GM-CSF: a possible prognostic serum biomarker of vitiligo patients' considered for transplantation treatment with cultured autologous melanocytes: a pilot study[J].J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol,2016,30(8):1409-1411.
[5]Mitra S,De Sarkar S,Pradhan A,et al.Levels of oxidative damage and proinflammatory cytokines are enhanced in patients with active vitiligo[J]. Free Radic Res,2017,51(11-12):986-994.
[6]Das PK,van den Wijingaard RM,Wankowicz-Kalinska A,et al.A symbiotic concept of autoimmunity and tummor immunity:lessons from vitiligo[J]. Trends Immunol,2001,22(3):130-136.
[7]Hwang JH,Ahn JS,Kis SD,et al.The changes of serum soluble intercellular adhesion molecule -1 after systemic steroid treatment in vitiligo[J].J Dermatol Sci,1999,22(1):11-16.
[8]Ayd?ng?z IE,Kanmaz-?zer M,Gedikba?i A,et al.The combination of tumour necrosis factor-α -308A and interleukin-10 -1082G gene polymorphisms and increased serum levels of related cytokines: susceptibility to vitiligo[J].Clin Exp Dermatol,2015,40(1):71-77.
[9]Laddha NC,Dwivedi M,Gani AR,et al.Tumor necrosis factor B (TNFB) genetic variants and its increased expression are associated with vitiligo susceptibility[J].PLoS One,2013,8(11):e81736.
[10]Kemp EH.Tumour necrosis factor-α antagonists as therapies for vitiligo[J]. Br J Dermatol,2015,173(3):635.
[11]Kaufman HL,Cohen S,Cheung K,et al. Local delivery of vaccinia virus expressing multiple costimulatory molecules for the treatment of established tumors[J].Hum Gene Ther,2006,17(2):239-244.
[12]Camara-Lemarroy CR,Salas-Alanis JC.The role of tumor necrosis factor-α in the pathogenesis of vitiligo[J].Am J Clin Dermatol,2013,14(5):343-350.
[13]梁曉紅.細胞間黏附分子-1和白介素-10與白癜風的相關性研究[D].湖南:南華大學,2010.
[14]洪為松,尉曉東,周渭衍,等.白癜風患者血清中抗酪氨酸酶抗體及可溶性細胞間黏附分子1的檢測[J].中華皮膚科雜志,2005,38(10):612-614.
[15]丁敏,張建中,杜鵑.進展期白癜風患者治療后血清中sICAM-1、IFN-γ的變化[J].中國中西醫(yī)結(jié)合皮膚性病學雜志,2016,15(1):34-36.
[收稿日期]2020-06-19
本文引用格式:楊雪松,付彧,毛慧玲,等.穩(wěn)定期白癜風患者組織液sICAM-1水平與臨床特征的相關性分析[J].中國美容醫(yī)學,2021,30(6):83-86.