周偉偉
一般現(xiàn)在時表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。常與always,often,usually,sometimes,every day等時間狀語連用。例如:
We go to school every day. 我們每天上學(xué)。
He often does his homework in the evening. 他經(jīng)常在晚上做作業(yè)。
China is a big country. 中國是個大國。
一般現(xiàn)在時的一個難點就是:當句子主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時,謂語動詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。那么哪些主語是第三人稱單數(shù)呢?
1. 第三人稱單數(shù)代詞he,she,it單獨作主語時,謂語動詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。例如:
He is a good boy.
She likes studying English.
It looks like Lucy’s hat.
2. 單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞作主語時,謂語動詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。例如:
The girl likes swimming. 這個女孩喜歡游泳。
My deskmate often helps his mother do housework.
我的同桌經(jīng)常幫助他母親做家務(wù)。
The boy often watches TV in the evening. 這個男孩經(jīng)常在晚上看電視。
3. 單數(shù)的人名、地名或稱呼作主語時,謂語動詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。例如:
Tom often helps his mother do shopping. 湯姆經(jīng)常幫助他母親購物。
Mary often does her homework in school. 瑪麗經(jīng)常在學(xué)校做作業(yè)。
Shanghai is a big city. 上海是個大城市。
4. 單個的不可數(shù)名詞作主語時,謂語動詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。例如:
The food is good to eat. 這種食物好吃。
There is some money in her purse. 她的錢包里有些錢。
5. 指示代詞this,that作主語時,謂語動詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。例如:
This is a map. 這是張地圖。
That is my hat. 那是我的帽子。
6. 不定代詞everything,something,anything,nothing等作主語時,謂語動詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。例如:
Is everybody here? 大家都來了嗎?
Something is wrong with your car. 你的車有毛病了。
7. one或one of + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語時,謂語動詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。例如:
One of the students comes from Australia. 其中一名學(xué)生來自澳大利亞。
8. 單個的字母、數(shù)字或算式作主語時,謂語動詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。例如:
Three plus four is seven. 3加4等于7。
“8” is a good number in China. 在中國8是個吉利數(shù)。
鞏固性練習:
一、寫出以下各詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式。
1. have? 2. do 3. be? 4. go? 5. teach
6. swim? 7. play 8. fly? 9. carry? 10. get
二、用所給動詞的正確形式填空。
1. My father _________(watch) TV every evening.
2. — (be) the women from Beijing? —No, they _________(be).
3. —_________Lucy _________(speak) Chinese? —Yes, she _________(do).
4. He _________(not do) his homework on Sundays.
5. Where _________your father _________(work)?
三、一般現(xiàn)在時的句型轉(zhuǎn)換。
1. He has an English class every day. (改為否定句)
He _________an English class every day.
2. She does homework on Saturday. (改為一般疑問句,并作肯定回答)
—_________she _________homework on Saturday?
— , she .
3. I like cooking. (改為一般疑問句,并作否定回答)
—_________you _________cooking?—_________, I _________.
4. His mother is a farmer. (對畫線部分提問)
_________his mother _________?
5. He studies in a school near here. (對畫線部分提問)
_________he_________?
(答案見第49頁)
(作者單位:江蘇省鹽城市明達初級中學(xué))
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