【關(guān)鍵詞】初中英語;表達(dá)意愿;教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)
【中圖分類號(hào)】G633.4 【文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼】A 【文章編號(hào)】1005-6009(2016)33-0091-02
【作者簡介】邵燕,江蘇省南通市啟秀中學(xué)(江蘇南通,226001)教師,一級(jí)教師,南通市教壇新秀。
本節(jié)課是譯林版《牛津初中英語》8B Unit 5 Good manners的 Comic strips & Welcome to the unit教學(xué)。教材是按照“話題—功能—結(jié)構(gòu)—任務(wù)”相結(jié)合的思路編排的,每個(gè)單元圍繞一個(gè)話題,讓學(xué)生通過體驗(yàn)、實(shí)踐、參與、 合作、交流和探究等方式,學(xué)習(xí)和使用英語,完成學(xué)習(xí)任務(wù)。從整個(gè)單元的教學(xué)目標(biāo)來看,Comic strips & Welcome to the unit作為單元起始的教學(xué)內(nèi)容,其作用主要通過情景的描述,引發(fā)學(xué)生的興趣,讓學(xué)生對(duì)于整個(gè)單元話題的目標(biāo)有大致的了解。盡管這一板塊語言點(diǎn)、知識(shí)點(diǎn)不多,但它卻是整個(gè)單元的引子、主線,整個(gè)單元的教學(xué)內(nèi)容都在這條線的引導(dǎo)下進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充、刪減、替換、擴(kuò)展、調(diào)整或改編。因此充分挖掘Comic strips & Welcome to the unit部分的細(xì)節(jié)是至關(guān)重要的。我們可以設(shè)置多種形式的教學(xué)活動(dòng),如對(duì)話、討論、描述、看圖說話,為學(xué)生提供一個(gè)自由討論、大膽思考、想象創(chuàng)新、培養(yǎng)聽說能力的平臺(tái),為學(xué)生的后續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)做好鋪墊。本課通過采取靈活多樣、生動(dòng)形象的活動(dòng)方式促使學(xué)生參與學(xué)習(xí),合作學(xué)習(xí),探究學(xué)習(xí),盡可能讓學(xué)生在活動(dòng)中感悟生活體驗(yàn),將語言與生活實(shí)際緊密相連,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的語言交際能力。
一、樹立“學(xué)生主體”的教學(xué)理念
教育的目的在于促進(jìn)學(xué)生的發(fā)展,教學(xué)的目的在于促進(jìn)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí);學(xué)習(xí)是學(xué)習(xí)者心理傾向和能力的相對(duì)持久的變化,是學(xué)習(xí)者自身的變化。所以在教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)上應(yīng)真正做到設(shè)計(jì)的一切課堂活動(dòng)都是為了促進(jìn)學(xué)習(xí)者的學(xué)習(xí)。教師是學(xué)習(xí)的組織者與合作者,教師備課最重要的是根據(jù)學(xué)生的實(shí)際,設(shè)計(jì)好問題以及問題鏈。課堂中要讓學(xué)生有探究問題的時(shí)間和空間,培養(yǎng)他們良好的思維習(xí)慣。筆者基于這一點(diǎn),在講授完Comics部分后給予學(xué)生充足的時(shí)間以小組討論的形式去發(fā)掘他們周圍的一些good manners,最后每組請一名代表進(jìn)行總結(jié)陳述。這既在他們腦海中強(qiáng)化了good manners的概念,又把語言學(xué)習(xí)的聽說讀寫結(jié)合起來了,一舉多得。
二、精心組織安排教學(xué)活動(dòng),注重德育滲透
教育的目的不是把學(xué)生培養(yǎng)成只有科學(xué)知識(shí)的文化人,而應(yīng)該是有責(zé)任感、有愛心、有能力的新一代高素質(zhì)人才。教師的任務(wù)不僅僅是傳授知識(shí),更重要的是善于挖掘教材中的德育素材,并合理運(yùn)用,善于把握稍縱即逝的教育契機(jī),在課堂內(nèi)外開展各種形式的活動(dòng),適時(shí)、恰當(dāng)?shù)貪B透道德教育,使學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)如何求知,如何做人,形成正確的人生觀,養(yǎng)成健康向上的品格。本課的話題本身就是禮儀教育,所以是非常好的德育教材。教學(xué)中筆者認(rèn)為,除了讓學(xué)生會(huì)使用英語談?wù)撊绾卧诠矆鏊e止得體,還要通過多種任務(wù)學(xué)習(xí)讓其知曉要遵守文明禮儀,怎么去遵守,明辨是非,從而培養(yǎng)學(xué)生良好的行為習(xí)慣并激發(fā)學(xué)生把好的文明禮儀傳承下去。讓學(xué)生在自然滲透中受到情感的熏陶,從而內(nèi)化為自己的道德意識(shí)。
【教學(xué)過程】
【Step 1】 Leading-in
T:Boys and girls, nice to see you here. Today I am your new English teacher. Do you want to know what we are going to learn today?
S:Yes.
T:Now lets enjoy the video. It will tell you something about it.
T:Good, we are going to learn Good manners.Then do you know the meaning of good manners?
S:Sorry, I dont know.
T:Very good. Although you didnt answer my question, you said ‘sorry, I dont know. Its good manners. From the video, helping others is good manners. Do you want to learn something more about manners?
S:Yes.
(設(shè)計(jì)意圖:運(yùn)用多媒體播放了一段視頻,看完后,學(xué)生通過視頻知曉幫助他人及文明用語都是好的禮儀,從而引出課題Good manners.然后追問good manners的含義,學(xué)生回答這個(gè)問題有一定難度,但他禮貌地說了sorry,教師借此真實(shí)的情景講解Its good manners。)
【Step 2】 Presentation
Activity 1:Learn some good manners from Eddie and Hobbo.
T:Ok, our old friends Eddie and Hobo are learning about manners.
Task 1:Listen and judge
T:First, listen and judge. Does Eddie have good manners? First, listen carefully.
(設(shè)計(jì)意圖:自然過渡到Comics部分,首先通過聽對(duì)話內(nèi)容進(jìn)行理解。)
Task 2:Watch and answer
T:Next, watch the video and try to answer the three questions on the screen. Shall we read the questions together?
(設(shè)計(jì)意圖:通過播放視頻對(duì)對(duì)話內(nèi)容進(jìn)行更好地理解,進(jìn)行問題回答,然后跟錄音讀模仿語音語調(diào),為接下來的兩人對(duì)話做準(zhǔn)備。)
Task 3:Practise reading the dialogue and read in pairs
Task 4:Fill in the blanks
T:Excellent, I like your pronunciation. Lets fill in the blanks. Please read it sentence by sentence.
S:...
T:Ok,lets read the short passage together.
S:...
(設(shè)計(jì)意圖:在對(duì)對(duì)話進(jìn)行了充分的理解、練習(xí)之后,讓學(xué)生根據(jù)對(duì)話內(nèi)容把短文內(nèi)容填寫完整,既進(jìn)一步加深了對(duì)對(duì)話的理解和掌握,也是對(duì)單詞的靈活使用進(jìn)行檢測。)
Activity 2:Talk something more about the good and bad manners in public.
Task 1:Think and report
What other good manners can you share with us?
T:From Eddie and Hobo, what good manners have we learnt?
S:We shouldnt cut in on others and we should wait politely.
T:What a good memory you have. In fact, therere many other good manners in our daily life. Now discuss in groups of four. Try to write down as many as possible. The group leader need to take some notes.If you need help, please let me know. Here we go.
(設(shè)計(jì)意圖:接著Comics部分的對(duì)話內(nèi)容,讓學(xué)生進(jìn)行頭腦風(fēng)暴,想一些日常生活中的good manners,通過自由討論,讓學(xué)生發(fā)散思維,相互補(bǔ)充,使得信息量最大化,然后補(bǔ)充了一些額外的good manners 和bad manners,進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)大其知識(shí)儲(chǔ)備。)
Task 2:Practise talking about the pictures in pairs
T:So far, we have already known some good manners and bad manners.The students in Class 1,Grade 8 are also talking about the manners in public.Open your books at P65. First, match the pictures with the phrases in the box. Do it by yourselves quickly.
T:Lets check the answers together.
(設(shè)計(jì)意圖:回到書上的六幅圖,要學(xué)生自己先完成圖片和短語的配對(duì),接著處理講解部分生詞,同時(shí)讓學(xué)生用Can she/they...? What should...?進(jìn)行兩人對(duì)話。)
Activity 3:Learn more about good manners in the library.
(設(shè)計(jì)意圖:為了自然承接,把keep quiet in the library 調(diào)到最后去講,接著問What other good manners should we have in the library?就順理成章地過渡到Part B 部分。)
Task 1:Listen and answer
T:In the library, we should keep quiet. We shouldnt make any noise. Do you want to know something more about manners in the library?
S:...
T:Amy and Shirly are talking about what they should do and what they shouldnt do in the library. Close your books. Listen and answer what other good manners we should have in the library.
(設(shè)計(jì)意圖:這個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)是對(duì)聽力的檢測,讓學(xué)生聽,捕捉關(guān)鍵信息,在聽之前告訴學(xué)生一些聽力技巧。這也是對(duì)聽力方法的指導(dǎo)。體現(xiàn)了教方法比教內(nèi)容更重要。)
Task 2:Read and check
讓學(xué)生打開書本分角色朗讀,完成fill in the blanks。
Task 3:Make up a dialogue
(設(shè)計(jì)意圖:提供了四個(gè)不同的公共場合讓其自由選擇一幅圖片,然后對(duì)其進(jìn)行編對(duì)話練習(xí),鞏固所學(xué)的語言知識(shí)和表達(dá)。)
【Step 3】 Consolidation
Task 1:Why do we need good manners?
If we have good manners, we can...
(設(shè)計(jì)意圖:在學(xué)習(xí)了大量的good manners之后,讓學(xué)生思考為什么要有好的禮儀,并告知好的禮儀的重要性從而知曉要去做一個(gè)有好的禮儀的人。)
Task 2:Write slogans
Write as many slogans on good manners as you can.
Always show good manners and pass them on.
(設(shè)計(jì)意圖:設(shè)計(jì)了四人小組設(shè)計(jì)標(biāo)語的活動(dòng),以寫的形式鞏固今天所學(xué)的描述好的及不好的文明禮儀行為,加深印象,從而告知好的禮儀的重要性,要做一個(gè)有好禮儀的人,并要將其傳承發(fā)揚(yáng)下去。)