劉歡歡 張麗華
一、教學(xué)內(nèi)容與分析
本課選自新目標(biāo)英語(yǔ)七年級(jí)上Starter Unit 2,是其中的預(yù)備單元。預(yù)備篇是為了使沒(méi)有英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)基礎(chǔ)的學(xué)生更好地使用本套教材而編寫的。它的主要內(nèi)容為26個(gè)英文字母和最基本的英語(yǔ)日常用語(yǔ)。本單元的教學(xué)內(nèi)容為:Ii — Rr10個(gè)字母;ruler,map,quilt,jacket,key等7個(gè)單詞;辨認(rèn)物品What is this/that in English? 及其回答。
學(xué)生在實(shí)踐中學(xué)會(huì)和使用目標(biāo)語(yǔ),同時(shí)借助“任務(wù)型”教學(xué),通過(guò)聽(tīng)、說(shuō)、寫、練等一系列教學(xué)活動(dòng),充分利用圖片、實(shí)物、卡片等輔助教學(xué),創(chuàng)設(shè)更多、更完善的情景,為學(xué)生提供更多真實(shí)的語(yǔ)言實(shí)踐機(jī)會(huì)。同時(shí)在小組活動(dòng)中培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的合作意識(shí)和團(tuán)隊(duì)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)意識(shí)。
二、教學(xué)目標(biāo)
1. 語(yǔ)言知識(shí)目標(biāo):
①?gòu)?fù)習(xí)字母Aa-Hh; ②學(xué)習(xí)并掌握字母Ii-Rr;③學(xué)習(xí)一些日常用品的單詞;④學(xué)習(xí)如何識(shí)別事物。
2. 語(yǔ)言技能目標(biāo):
①學(xué)會(huì)在單詞中識(shí)別所學(xué)字母;②學(xué)會(huì)詢問(wèn)和識(shí)別周圍事物的名稱;③學(xué)會(huì)用簡(jiǎn)單的日常用語(yǔ)與人交流。
3. 情感態(tài)度與價(jià)值觀: 通過(guò)完成各種教學(xué)任務(wù),培養(yǎng)學(xué)生對(duì)事物的辨別能力。
三、教學(xué)重、難點(diǎn)
重點(diǎn):①學(xué)會(huì)并掌握字母Ii-Rr及map,orange,jacket,key,pen,ruler等單詞;②學(xué)習(xí)并掌握what 引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句。
難點(diǎn):靈活運(yùn)用所學(xué)字母,在識(shí)別事物的過(guò)程中培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的辨別能力。
四、教學(xué)步驟
Step I Greeting
T: Class begins! Good morning, boys and girls.
S: Good morning, teacher.
T: How are you?
S: Im fine, thanks.
T: Im fine, too. Sit down, please.
Step II Review the letters A-H
① Read the letters
T: In the last unit, we have learnt the letters from A to H. Now lets read the letters together.
設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明:學(xué)生用升降調(diào)齊讀字母A-H,復(fù)習(xí)之前所學(xué)的字母的讀音。
② Write the letters
T: Now, open your books. Turn to Page... Look at the picture in 1a. Try to find out the small letters for A-H and write the small letters next to the big letters on your book.
(Ask one student to write the letters on the blackboard.)
(Textbook Starter P5 1a)
T: Lets check the answers together.
(The students say the answers and the teacher checks the letters on the blackboard.)
設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明:完成課本1a的任務(wù),找出A-H對(duì)應(yīng)的小寫字母,復(fù)習(xí)前一單元所學(xué)的字母。
Step III New letters
①Present the New letters I-R
T: Look at the picture again. Do you know the names of other letters? Who can try?
(Some students try to name them.)
S1: J, L.
S2: I.
T: Very good. This is “I”. Read after me, “I”.
Ss: “I”.
(Show the letter cards and teach the letters one by one.)
(Write the letter “Ii ”on the blackboard. Teach how to write big letter and small letter. The students read and write. Then teach the other letters“ Jj,Kk,Ll,Mm,Nn,Oo,Pp, Qq,Rr” in the same way.)
設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明:利用書上的圖片創(chuàng)設(shè)語(yǔ)言情境,引入新字母的學(xué)習(xí)。教授新字母的讀音、大小寫的區(qū)別及書寫時(shí)占格情況。
②Practice the letters.
T: The letters are not arranged alphabetically. Please put them in order.
(Ask one student to come to the blackboard to put the letters in order, the others do this with the partner.)
(Give the students letter cards before class.)
設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明:通過(guò)打亂字母卡片的順序,讓學(xué)生按字母表順序排序,在游戲中鞏固所學(xué)字母。
Step IV New words
①Present the new words.
T: My good friend Helen has a big room. And this is a picture of her room.
(Draw a picture of a room with the things around us on the blackboard before class.)
T: There are many things in it. Today I bring some things here.
T: Whats this in English?
(Hold a pen.)
Ss: It is a pen.
T: Yes, its a pen. Read after me, P-E-N, pen.
Ss: P-E-N, pen.
T: This is an orange. Read after me, O-R-A-N-G-E, orange.
Ss: O-R-A-N-G-E, orange.
T: Orange, the first letter is “O”. Its an orange.
(Teach the other words “map, key, jacket, ruler, cup, quilt”in the same way.)
設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明:利用黑板上的房間圖片創(chuàng)設(shè)情境,引出新單詞的學(xué)習(xí)并利用實(shí)物教授單詞。
②Practice the new words.
(1) Read the words
T: Read the new words after me. Map.
Ss: Map, map, map.
(2)Task One:Match the pictures with the words
T: Now take out the pictures and the word list. Work in groups of four. Put the picture next to the word.
T: Who can help me to finish it on the blackboard?
(Students put the pictures next to the words by working in a group. When they finish, they put up the paper on the blackboard. Ask one student to come to the blackboard to do it.)
(Give the students some pictures and a word list before class.)
設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明:在任務(wù)中練習(xí)單詞。任務(wù)一:學(xué)生把圖片貼在單詞旁邊,圖文并茂地幫助學(xué)生記憶,同時(shí)小組合作的形式,既讓人人都參與,又消除了獨(dú)立完成的緊張感。
(3)Task Two:Write down the words according to the pictures
T: Please pay attention to how to spell them. Then I am going to wipe the words off the blackboard.
(The students try to memorize how to spell the words.)
T: Please take out the pictures and try to write down the words next to the pictures.
(Ask one student to come to the blackboard to write down the words and the others write on the paper.)
(Give the students a piece of paper with the pictures.)
T: Now lets check the answer. Who is right? Who is wrong?
S1: I made mistakes in spelling “quilt”.
T: Please spell it.
S1: Q-U-I-L-T.
(Check the answers and share the mistakes.)
設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明:任務(wù)二:讓學(xué)生看圖寫單詞,從讀音轉(zhuǎn)化為書寫的訓(xùn)練。音、字、圖三者結(jié)合,讓學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程扎實(shí)有效。任務(wù)后展示拼寫中的錯(cuò)誤,加深印象。
Step V Drills
①Present the drill “Whats this in English?”
T: Look at the picture of Helens room. Whats this in English? Its a pen. And whats this in English?
(Stand next to the picture and point at the things.)
S1: Its a ruler.
T: Whats this in English? Its an orange. And whats this?
S2: Its a map.
T: If the things are close to us, we want to know the name of the things in English, we can ask “Whats this in English?” and use the drill “Its a/an ...” to answer it.
(Write “Whats this in English? Its a/an...” on the blackboard.)
② Practice this drill with your school things in pairs.
S1: Whats this in English?
S2: Its a/an...
S3: Whats this in English?
S4: Its a/an...
③Present the drill “Whats that in English?”
T: Look at the picture of Helens room. Whats that in English? Its a pen. And whats that in English?
(Stand far away from the picture and point to the things.)
Ss: Its a map.
T: If the things are far away from us. We can ask “Whats that in English?” and use the drill “Its a/an...” to answer it.
(Write “Whats that in English? Its a/an...” on the blackboard.)
④Practice the drill by chain work in the group.
S1: Whats that in English?
S2: Its a ...And whats that in English?
S3: Its a...And whats that in English?
S4: Its a ...
設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明:用實(shí)物操作呈現(xiàn)句型,通過(guò)教師站位的遠(yuǎn)近,使學(xué)生明白this和that的區(qū)別。并且教師領(lǐng)讀,糾正發(fā)音,再進(jìn)行師生間的示范練習(xí),最后讓學(xué)生以小組為單位進(jìn)行接龍式展示,充分調(diào)動(dòng)了每個(gè)學(xué)生的積極性。
Step VI Summary
(Let the students sum up what they learned in this class.)
T: What have we learnt today?
S1: The letters from Ii to Rr.
S2: The new words.
S3: How to ask the names of things in English.
設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明:學(xué)生進(jìn)行小結(jié),再一次回顧了課堂所學(xué)的知識(shí)。
Step VII Sing a song
T: Lets sing the alphabet song together.
設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明:學(xué)生齊唱“字母歌”,在愉快的氛圍中結(jié)束本節(jié)課的學(xué)習(xí)。
Step VIII Homework
Draw a picture of your ideal room and say the names of the things in the room.(略)
五、課后反思
本節(jié)課為Go for it! Starter Unit 2,是三個(gè)預(yù)備單元中的第二個(gè)單元。大多數(shù)學(xué)生剛剛接觸英語(yǔ),對(duì)新事物充滿好奇,學(xué)習(xí)的主動(dòng)性大部分取決于興趣。我認(rèn)為要培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)興趣就要?jiǎng)?chuàng)造一個(gè)和諧融洽的師生關(guān)系,輕松愉快的學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境,采用靈活多變的教學(xué)方法,讓學(xué)生在做中學(xué),學(xué)中用,從而激發(fā)學(xué)習(xí)興趣,學(xué)得主動(dòng),學(xué)得有效顯得尤為重要。因此在本節(jié)課的教學(xué)中,為了培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)興趣,激發(fā)學(xué)習(xí)熱情,采取了如下幾種方式:
1.創(chuàng)造輕松、愉快、和諧的課堂氣氛
(1)面帶微笑
教師的微笑教學(xué),能給學(xué)生創(chuàng)造一個(gè)輕松自如、生動(dòng)活潑的環(huán)境,這樣的環(huán)境可以減少學(xué)生的精神壓力,促使學(xué)生愉快地參與學(xué)習(xí)。
(2)語(yǔ)言贊美
教學(xué)語(yǔ)言是師生雙方傳遞信息和交流思想的載體,親切感人的教學(xué)語(yǔ)言能保持學(xué)生積極順暢的學(xué)習(xí)。當(dāng)學(xué)生能流利地回答問(wèn)題時(shí),用“Very good!”并用輔助手勢(shì)“V”表示高興;當(dāng)學(xué)生能以正確的方式表達(dá)時(shí),可用“Right!”或“You do very well!”來(lái)表明態(tài)度;當(dāng)學(xué)生舉棋不定的時(shí)候,用“Believe yourself. Dont worry about making mistakes!”來(lái)激勵(lì)。當(dāng)他們回答完畢時(shí),一定要用“Thank you very much! You are very brave!”等來(lái)贊美學(xué)生。這樣盡可能地讓每一個(gè)學(xué)生都有機(jī)會(huì),盡力多鼓勵(lì)和贊揚(yáng)他們,讓他們?cè)谟淇斓男那橄律贤暌惶谜n,就會(huì)很好地掌握和記住課堂所學(xué)內(nèi)容。
2.教學(xué)要“以人為本”“寓教于樂(lè)”“學(xué)用結(jié)合”
(1)活動(dòng)多樣,扎實(shí)有效
在教學(xué)各個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)中,采用不同的活動(dòng)方式讓學(xué)生充分動(dòng)起來(lái),全員參與教學(xué)過(guò)程,融入課堂。多樣的活動(dòng)讓學(xué)生興趣濃厚而且對(duì)簡(jiǎn)單重復(fù)的內(nèi)容不會(huì)厭煩,都樂(lè)在其中。例如:在學(xué)字母環(huán)節(jié),變換各種方式讓學(xué)生跟讀字母,齊讀,豎排按順序讀。在講授新單詞時(shí),采用領(lǐng)讀,齊讀,橫排齊讀的方式,讓所有學(xué)生熟練發(fā)音。為了鞏固學(xué)生對(duì)新單詞的識(shí)記,采取兩種互動(dòng)方式,反復(fù)訓(xùn)練。讓學(xué)生將小圖片貼在單詞旁邊,既讓學(xué)生感興趣,又圖文并茂幫助記憶,同時(shí)小組合作的形式既讓每個(gè)人感受到了成功的喜悅,又消除了獨(dú)立完成任務(wù)的緊張感。在學(xué)生做完看單詞匹配圖片的任務(wù)后,馬上讓學(xué)生看圖寫單詞,從讀音轉(zhuǎn)化書寫的訓(xùn)練。音、字、圖三者巧妙結(jié)合,使學(xué)生對(duì)目標(biāo)語(yǔ)言鞏固再鞏固,讓學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程扎實(shí)有效。在練習(xí)句型時(shí),用實(shí)物操作,簡(jiǎn)單明了,使學(xué)生很快明白了this和that的區(qū)別。讓學(xué)生有團(tuán)隊(duì)合作的意識(shí),充分調(diào)動(dòng)每個(gè)學(xué)生的積極性。
(2)優(yōu)選教具,輔助教學(xué)
在本節(jié)課中,充分準(zhǔn)備了四類教具(房間圖片、字母卡片實(shí)物、學(xué)生用圖和單詞單),并且每類教具都用了不止一次。例如在黑板上畫的圖,在講字母時(shí),用它來(lái)承上啟下。既復(fù)習(xí)了Aa-Hh, 又引出了本節(jié)課新學(xué)的字母Ii-Rr。同時(shí)導(dǎo)入新單詞時(shí)也利用了這張圖,導(dǎo)入語(yǔ)Everyone has his own room. I have a good friend Linda. This is a picture of her room. There are a lot of things in it. Today I brought some here. 這張圖起了兩次作用,自然地把學(xué)生的關(guān)注點(diǎn)從圖片引到了具體的實(shí)物上。當(dāng)教師把課前充分準(zhǔn)備好的尺子、鑰匙、地圖、橘子、 被子等拿出來(lái)時(shí),學(xué)生一下就感興趣起來(lái)。并且這些實(shí)物也用在了學(xué)生表演對(duì)話上,使他們的表演大方自然有熱情。字母卡使用三次,讓學(xué)生看字母發(fā)音,掌握書寫順序,并且用它們?cè)诤诎迳吓判?,熟記所學(xué)字母在字母表中的順序。
(3)以學(xué)生為本,參與面大
學(xué)生參與的積極性很高,每個(gè)人平均都回答了4-5次問(wèn)題,課堂由原來(lái)的滿堂灌變成了教師的導(dǎo)、學(xué)生的學(xué)。
在英語(yǔ)教學(xué)中,要激發(fā)并保持學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)積極性,使學(xué)生樂(lè)學(xué)。在教學(xué)過(guò)程中,將培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)興趣貫穿于教學(xué)始終,培養(yǎng)和鞏固學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的興趣,才能提高他們學(xué)習(xí)的主動(dòng)性。