林菁虹 黃巧慧 傅仰參
摘要 目的:探究心理護(hù)理對(duì)銀屑病患者睡眠質(zhì)量及不良情緒的影響;方法:選取2018年2月至2019年2月泉州市皮膚病防治院收治的銀屑病患者86例作為研究對(duì)象,隨機(jī)分對(duì)照組與觀察組,每組43例,對(duì)照組患者接受常規(guī)護(hù)理,觀察組患者在對(duì)照組基礎(chǔ)上加用心理護(hù)理,2組患者干預(yù)時(shí)間均為4周,使用PSQI、HAMA和HAMD評(píng)估2組患者的睡眠質(zhì)量、焦慮抑郁及不良情緒,并進(jìn)行比較;結(jié)果:1)干預(yù)后2組患者PSQI評(píng)分均較治療前有下降,且觀察組得分低于對(duì)照組(P<0.05);2)干預(yù)后觀察組患者HAMA及HAMD評(píng)分均低于對(duì)照組(P<0.05);結(jié)論:心理護(hù)理能夠顯著改善銀屑病患者睡眠質(zhì)量,同時(shí)還能夠緩解其不良情緒,效果較為明顯。
關(guān)鍵詞 心理護(hù)理;銀屑病;睡眠質(zhì)量;不良情緒
Psychological Nursing in Patients with Psoriasis Sleep Quality and the analysis of the Influence of the Bad Feelings
Lin Jinghong,Huang Qiaohui,F(xiàn)u Yangshen
(Fujian Quanzhou skin disease prevention and control of the court,Quanzhou 362000,China)
Abstract Objective:To explore the psychological nursing in patients with psoriasis sleep quality and the influence of the bad mood;Methods:From February 2018 to February 2019,86 cases of psoriasis patients randomly assigned group(n=43)and control group(n=43),the control group,patients received conventional nursing group patients in the control group on the basis of combined with psychological nursing,intervention time is 4 weeks,two groups of patients using PSQI,HAMA and HAMD assessment of two groups of patients with sleep quality,anxiety,depression and bad mood,and comparison;Results:1)after the intervention in two groups of patients with PSQI score was has the drop,and the team score is lower than the control group(P<0.05);2)after the intervention group patients with HAMA and HAMD scores are lower than the control group(P<0.05);Conclusion:Psychological nursing can significantly improve the sleep quality in patients with psoriasis,at the same time also can relieve the bad mood,the effect is more obvious.
Keywords Psychological nursing;Psoriasis;Sleep quality;Bad mood
中圖分類號(hào):R751.05;R338.63文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:Adoi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-7130.2020.07.038
銀屑病是一種臨床上較為常見(jiàn)的慢性紅斑鱗屑性皮膚病,該病具有發(fā)病率高、易復(fù)發(fā)、病程長(zhǎng)等特點(diǎn),部分患者甚至?xí)霈F(xiàn)終生不愈[1]。有調(diào)研指出,銀屑病患者的睡眠質(zhì)量低下和不良情緒問(wèn)題已經(jīng)較為突出,對(duì)銀屑病患者的治療及生命質(zhì)量產(chǎn)生了較大的影響。本文作者通過(guò)研究發(fā)現(xiàn),心理護(hù)理能夠顯著改善銀屑病患者睡眠質(zhì)量,同時(shí)還能夠緩解其不良情緒,效果較為明顯,現(xiàn)報(bào)道如下。
1 資料與方法
1.1 一般資料 選取2018年2月至2019年2月泉州市皮膚病防治院收治的銀屑病患者86例作為研究對(duì)象,隨機(jī)分對(duì)照組與觀察組,每組43例,對(duì)照組中男26例,女17例,年齡20~61歲,平均年齡(35.26±3.26)歲,觀察組中男25例,女18例,年齡21~63歲,平均年齡(35.11±3.04)歲,2組患者一般資料如性別、年齡等比較差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05),具有可比性。
1.2 納入標(biāo)準(zhǔn) 1)入組對(duì)象均符合2002年版《皮膚病學(xué)與性病學(xué)》中銀屑病的診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn);2)意識(shí)清晰能夠配合進(jìn)行調(diào)研;3)病例資料齊全;4)調(diào)研經(jīng)醫(yī)院倫理學(xué)會(huì)批準(zhǔn)實(shí)施;5)患者簽署知情同意書。
1.3 排除標(biāo)準(zhǔn) 1)合并精神疾患者;2)合并其他惡性腫瘤患者;3)合并嚴(yán)重肝腎功障礙者;4)合并其他嚴(yán)重皮膚病者。
1.4 研究方法 對(duì)照組患者僅接受常規(guī)的治療及護(hù)理,包括按時(shí)用藥、飲食調(diào)節(jié)、適量運(yùn)動(dòng)等,觀察組患者在對(duì)照組基礎(chǔ)上加用心理護(hù)理,具體措施如下:1)評(píng)估心里狀態(tài),應(yīng)用心理評(píng)估量表首先對(duì)患者不良情緒實(shí)施評(píng)估并記入個(gè)人檔案;2)針對(duì)性實(shí)施心理護(hù)理,根據(jù)患者不同的心理評(píng)估結(jié)果實(shí)施針對(duì)性心理護(hù)理,如某患者存在明顯的焦慮情緒,可采取訪談的方式了解患者的擔(dān)憂,醫(yī)務(wù)人員解答患者對(duì)病情的疑惑并鼓勵(lì)患者提高治療信心;3)集體健康教育,可通過(guò)召開病友會(huì)等形式,一方面實(shí)施健康宣教,提高患者對(duì)銀屑病的了解,另一方面通過(guò)人群效應(yīng)來(lái)提高患者對(duì)病情的閾值,改善各自不良情緒;4)家庭護(hù)理,對(duì)患者家屬實(shí)施健康宣教,一方面告知患者生活中注意事項(xiàng),另一方面囑家屬多陪伴患者,鼓勵(lì)其繼續(xù)治療。