進(jìn)入2022年3月后，上海經(jīng)歷了新冠疫情以來最嚴(yán)峻的一場考驗，而且明顯表現(xiàn)出中心城區(qū)嚴(yán)重于郊區(qū)；高密城區(qū)內(nèi)高樓林立，大量人口群集在相對狹窄空間里，這與生態(tài)化的鄉(xiāng)村社會是全然不同的，如此讓人想起中國有句古話，“大疫止于野”。同時，鄉(xiāng)村“十里不同風(fēng)”與城市的“千城一面”截然不同，生態(tài)化的鄉(xiāng)村是人與自然共生、空間生態(tài)資源共享的，也是危機(jī)軟著陸的重要載體。4月21日仙逝的著名園林專家程緒珂先生，早在20世紀(jì)就對城市提出了“生態(tài)園林理論體系”，強(qiáng)調(diào)要打破“城市圍墻”，堅定地走城鄉(xiāng)綠化一體化的道路。要遵循生態(tài)學(xué)的原理，大力開展低碳、碳匯等植物群落的研究，建設(shè)多層次、多結(jié)構(gòu)、多功能、科學(xué)的植物群落。以經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)為指導(dǎo)，強(qiáng)調(diào)直接經(jīng)濟(jì)效益和間接經(jīng)濟(jì)效益并重，應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)工程來發(fā)展園林，使生態(tài)、社會和經(jīng)濟(jì)效益同步發(fā)展。城鄉(xiāng)綠化一體化不是盲目地將鄉(xiāng)村中的自然生態(tài)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行城市化處理，而是因地制宜，“各美其美”，守護(hù)住自然鄉(xiāng)野之貌。

只有加速生態(tài)文明建設(shè)、推動人類文明生態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)型，才能實現(xiàn)人與自然和諧共生的現(xiàn)代化。黨的十八大以來，習(xí)近平總書記多次強(qiáng)調(diào)生態(tài)文明建設(shè)和綠色發(fā)展是關(guān)系中華民族永續(xù)發(fā)展、建設(shè)人類命運共同體的根本大計。2021年10月，中共中央辦公廳、國務(wù)院辦公廳印發(fā)的《關(guān)于推動城鄉(xiāng)建設(shè)綠色發(fā)展的意見》指出，城鄉(xiāng)建設(shè)是推動綠色發(fā)展、建設(shè)美麗中國的重要載體，美麗鄉(xiāng)村是綠色發(fā)展的生態(tài)基底。站在“十四五”開局的新起點，立足風(fēng)景園林學(xué)科，加快生態(tài)園林建設(shè)、協(xié)調(diào)統(tǒng)籌城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展、實施鄉(xiāng)村振興戰(zhàn)略是推動城鄉(xiāng)園林綠化事業(yè)高質(zhì)量發(fā)展，滿足人民群眾對美好生活和優(yōu)質(zhì)生態(tài)產(chǎn)品需要的重要抓手。

本期分為“風(fēng)景園林促進(jìn)鄉(xiāng)村振興”和“上海綠化‘四化’建設(shè)”兩個專題。其中，專題1內(nèi)容涵蓋（1）歷史文化名村植物景觀原真性保護(hù)，揭示鄉(xiāng)村植物景觀與歷史文化保護(hù)之間的學(xué)理關(guān)系；（2）中國鄉(xiāng)村景觀實踐發(fā)展歷程（1949 - 2022年）；（3）植物景觀感知研究，提供了一種鄉(xiāng)村植物景觀特色塑造“落地”生效的評價與設(shè)計工具；（4）常州55個村落中275個標(biāo)準(zhǔn)樣地內(nèi)植物群落的植物資源科屬種、生活型、物種來源組成等的調(diào)查研究，展示了鄉(xiāng)村植物群落特征的專業(yè)觀察、描述與評價方法；（5）基于多源數(shù)據(jù)構(gòu)建景中村評價模型，探究了景中村景觀游憩吸引力生成的規(guī)律性。專題2內(nèi)容主要涵蓋城市空間植物景觀的評價、配置模式以及提升策略研究。兩個專題展示了生態(tài)園林理論體系在城鄉(xiāng)園林綠化中的適用共性，也體現(xiàn)了鄉(xiāng)村生態(tài)主導(dǎo)空間和城市人工主導(dǎo)空間在植物景觀營造、保護(hù)以及提升方面的本質(zhì)差異性。

當(dāng)然，鄉(xiāng)村振興也是中國應(yīng)對全球化挑戰(zhàn)的壓艙石，如何有力有效地高質(zhì)量推進(jìn)，所需要研究探索的問題還很多，例如如何將資產(chǎn)在生態(tài)化鄉(xiāng)村振興中激活，實現(xiàn)鄉(xiāng)村生態(tài)產(chǎn)品價值市場化等等。風(fēng)景園林專業(yè)能解決的問題可能只是一個方面，但是我們應(yīng)積極更新知識體系，運用最新的技術(shù)手段和學(xué)科間的交叉融合，一定能助力2035美麗中國建設(shè)目標(biāo)的實現(xiàn)。讓青山常在、綠水長流，形成綠色生產(chǎn)方式和生活方式，才能使人們望得見山、看得見水、記得住鄉(xiāng)愁，用美麗鄉(xiāng)村扮靚美麗中國。

主編

2022年5月3日

Landscape Architecture Promotes Rural Revitalization

Since March 2022, Shanghai has experienced a severe COVID-19. It is obvious that the central urban area is more serious than the suburbs; there are a large number of people are clustered in a relatively narrow space, which is completely different from ecological rural society. This reminds us of an old Chinese saying, “Great epidemics end in the wild”. Ecological villages are the symbiosis of man and nature, the sharing of spatial ecological resources, and an important carrier of crisis soft landing. Mr. Cheng Xuke, a famous landscape architecture expert who passed away on April 21, put forward the “Ecological landscape architecture theory system” for the city as early as the last century, emphasizing the need to break the “urban wall” and firmly take the road of integrating urban and rural greening. In addition, it is necessary to follow the principles of ecology, vigorously carry out the research on low-carbon, carbon sink and other plant communities, and build a multi-level, multi-structural, multi-functional and scientific plant communities. Under the guidance of economics, it emphasizes both direct and indirect economic benefits, and applies system engineering to develop the landscape architecture, so as to make ecological,social and economic benefits develop simultaneously. The integration of urban and rural greening is not to blindly urbanize the natural ecosystem in the countryside, but to adapt measures to local conditions and protect the appearance of natural countryside.

Only by accelerating the construction of ecological civilization and promoting the ecological transformation of human civilization can we realize the modernization of harmonious coexistence between man and nature. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, General Secretary Xi Jinping has repeatedly emphasized that the construction of ecological civilization and green development are the fundamental plans related to the sustainable development of the nation. In October 2021, the Opinions on Promoting Green Development of Urban and Rural Construction pointed out that urban and rural construction is an important carrier for promoting green development and building a beautiful China, and beautiful countryside is the ecological basis for green development.The 14th Five-Year Plan requires us to speed up the construction of ecological landscape architecture, coordinate urban and rural development, and implement the strategy of rural revitalization based on the discipline of landscape architecture, so as to promote the high-quality development of urban and rural landscaping and meet the needs of the people for a better life and high-quality ecological products.

This issue is divided into two topics: “Landscape Architecture Promotes Rural Revitalization” and “Shanghai Greening ‘Four Modernizations’ Construction”. Among them, topic 1 covers (1) The protection of the authenticity of plant landscapes in historical and cultural villages; (2) The development process of rural landscape practice in China (1949-2022);(3) Research on plant landscape perception; (4) Research on the characteristics of plant communities in 275 standard plots of 55 villages in Changzhou; (5) Building an evaluation model for village based on multi-source data. Topic 2 mainly covers the evaluation of urban spatial plant landscape, the configuration mode and the research on improvement strategies. The two topics show the commonalities of the application of ecological landscape architecture theory system in urban and rural landscaping, and also reflect the essential differences between rural ecologically dominated space and urban art ificial dominated space in the construction, protection and enhancement of plant landscapes.

Of course, rural revitalization is also the ballast stone for China to cope with the challenges of globalization. There are still many problems to be studied and explored on how to effectively promote rural revitalization. For example, how to activate the assets in ecological rural revitalization and realize the value market of rural ecological products. The problems that Landscape Architecture can solve may be only one aspect, but we should actively update the knowledge system, and use the latest technical means and interdisciplinary integration to help achieve the goal of building a beautiful China in 2035. Only by forming a green mode of production and lifestyle can people see the mountains and the water, remember their homesickness and dress up beautiful China with beautiful villages.

Editor-in-Chief

May 3th, 2022