鞏本剛 徐懷勇 成丕光 高崇崇 吳俊本
·論著·
MMI-166對人胰腺癌細胞株SW1990體外增殖及凋亡的影響
鞏本剛 徐懷勇 成丕光 高崇崇 吳俊本
目的探討基質(zhì)金屬蛋白酶抑制劑MMI-166對人胰腺癌SW1990細胞增殖和凋亡的影響。方法應用不同濃度(25、50、100 μg/ml)的MMI-166處理人胰腺癌SW1990細胞24、48 h。用四甲基偶氮唑藍(MTT)法檢測細胞增殖抑制率;采用Annexin Ⅴ-PI法檢測細胞凋亡,流式細胞術(shù)檢測細胞凋亡率。結(jié)果25、50、100 μg/ml MMI-166處理細胞24 h后,細胞生長抑制率分別為(34.23±3.87)%、(44.81±2.01)%、(53.91±1.74)%;48 h的抑制率為(39.95±1.83)%、(52.26±3.46)%、(63.20±2.48)%,呈濃度及時間依賴性。24 h的細胞凋亡率分別為(4.17±0.55)%、(8.22±0.70)%、(14.10±0.44)%;48 h的細胞凋亡率為(11.19±0.47)%、(23.01±0.53)%、(28.10±0.52)%,均顯著高于對照組的(0.09±0.12)%(P<0.05)。結(jié)論MMI-166以濃度和時間依賴性抑制胰腺癌SW1990細胞增殖,誘導細胞凋亡。
胰腺腫瘤; 細胞系,腫瘤; 金屬蛋白酶類組織抑制劑; 細胞增殖; 細胞凋亡
基質(zhì)金屬蛋白酶抑制劑通過抑制基質(zhì)金屬蛋白酶(MMPs)的活性在胰腺癌治療中發(fā)揮重要作用。研究證實,一代、二代MMPs抑制劑具有明顯副作用,因此尋找一種高效低毒的MMPs抑制劑是目前研究方向之一。MMI-166是第三代新型選擇性MMPs抑制劑,可特異性抑制MMP-2、MMP-9活性,從而抑制腫瘤侵襲和轉(zhuǎn)移[1]。目前國外已有報道,MMI-166在肺癌、直腸癌和胰腺癌等動物實驗中具有抗腫瘤浸潤、轉(zhuǎn)移作用[2-4]。本研究觀察MMI-166對人胰腺癌細胞SW1990增殖和凋亡的影響,探討其量效關系。
一、細胞增殖抑制率檢測
人胰腺癌細胞株SW1990購于上海細胞庫,在含有10%胎牛血清的L-15型培養(yǎng)液中培養(yǎng)、傳代。取對數(shù)生長期細胞,以每孔1000個細胞接種于96孔板。細胞貼壁后,每孔分別加入終濃度為25、50、100 μg/ml的MMI-166,以不加MMI-166作為對照,繼續(xù)培養(yǎng)24、48 h,分別加入5 mg/ml的MTT 20 μl繼續(xù)孵育4 h,去培養(yǎng)液,每孔加入DMSO 150 μl,振蕩混勻10 min,上酶標儀測各孔560 nm波長的吸光值(A560值),以單純培養(yǎng)液調(diào)零。每一濃度設6個復孔,實驗重復3次。抑制率=(1-實驗組A560值/對照組A560值)×100%。
二、細胞形態(tài)觀察
按每孔1.0×105個SW1990細胞接種于24孔板,細胞貼壁后按上述分為對照組和MMI-166各組繼續(xù)培養(yǎng)24、48 h,于倒置相差顯微鏡下觀察細胞形態(tài)變化。
三、細胞凋亡檢測
收集上述各組細胞,用反應緩沖液制成單細胞懸液,密度≥1×105個/ml。取200 μl細胞懸液,加Annexin V 10 μl和PI 2 μl,混勻后室溫避光孵育15 min,取100 μl置熒光顯微鏡下觀察細胞染色。另一半加入400 μl反應緩沖液輕輕振蕩,混勻,上流式細胞儀檢測細胞凋亡率。
四、統(tǒng)計學分析
一、MMI-166對SW1990細胞的增殖抑制作用
MMI-166呈濃度及時間依賴性抑制SW1990細胞的增殖(P<0.05,表1)。
二、SW1990細胞形態(tài)的變化
MMI-166處理后,SW1990細胞數(shù)明顯減少,細胞皺縮,遮光性差,細胞膜破碎,隨后貼壁細胞脫落漂浮在培養(yǎng)液中;對照組細胞生長良好(圖1)。
表1 MMI-166對SW1990細胞的增殖抑制率
注:同時間點組間比較,aP<0.05;同濃度組間比較,bP<0.05
圖1對照組(a)及MMI-166 25(b)、50(c)、100 μg/ml(d)組細胞形態(tài)(×100)
三、細胞凋亡
正?;罴毎鸄nnexin V、PI均低染;凋亡早期細胞Annexin V高染、PI低染,呈綠色熒光;凋亡晚期細胞和壞死細胞Annexin V、PI均高染,呈紅、綠雙色熒光(圖2)。
MMI-166處理后,細胞凋亡率較對照組明顯升高(P<0.05,表2、圖3)。
圖2MMI-166 25(a)、50(b)、100(c)μg/ml組細胞凋亡染色(×100)
表2 各組SW1990細胞的凋亡率
注:與對照組比較,aP<0.05;同濃度組內(nèi)比較,bP<0.05
圖3對照組(a)及MMI-166 25(b)、50(c)、100μg/ml(d)組細胞凋亡圖(流式細胞儀)
MMPs是一組鋅離子依賴的分泌蛋白酶,它通過降解細胞外基質(zhì)(ECM)和基底膜調(diào)節(jié)細胞間的黏附,促進腫瘤細胞的侵襲和轉(zhuǎn)移以及腫瘤組織中新生血管的形成,MMP抑制劑通過抑制MMPs的活性,抑制腫瘤侵襲、轉(zhuǎn)移及腫瘤生長。在Ⅲ期臨床研究中發(fā)現(xiàn)第一代MMPs抑制劑marimastat聯(lián)合吉西他濱治療晚期胰腺癌療效并不優(yōu)于單藥吉西他濱[5],并可導致炎癥性關節(jié)炎等不良反應。第二代MMPs抑制劑BAY12-9566在體外實驗和Ⅰ期臨床實驗中顯示出較好的抑制腫瘤的效果和更少的不良反應,但Ⅱ期臨床試驗中期分析結(jié)果后,因吉西他濱單藥組無進展生存期和中位生存期較聯(lián)合治療組顯著延長而被終止[6]。
MMI-166是第三代新型MMPs抑制劑,可選擇性抑制MMP-2、MMP-9的活性。國外研究顯示,MMI-166對多種惡性腫瘤細胞如胃癌、肺癌、結(jié)腸癌、頭頸鱗狀細胞癌及膠質(zhì)瘤等[7-9]具有抗腫瘤侵襲、轉(zhuǎn)移及抑制腫瘤生長的作用。Wang等[10]報道,MMP-9可酶解E-cad,穩(wěn)定β-連環(huán)蛋白從而激活Wnt信號通路,促進細胞增殖。Meyer等[11]應用MMP siRNA導入結(jié)腸腺癌細胞SW480,使細胞免于PKC/p53誘導的凋亡。Chetty等[12]應用MMP-2 siRNA導入A549肺腺癌細胞,可誘導caspase-3、8、9以及PARP-1分裂體形成,誘導Fas/FasL的活化,從而發(fā)揮抗凋亡作用。本實驗結(jié)果亦證實,MMI-166呈濃度及時間依賴性抑制人胰腺癌SWl990細胞的增殖,并促進細胞凋亡,有望成為一種新的治療胰腺癌的化療藥物。
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EffectsofMMI-166onproliferationandapoptosisinhumanpancreaticcancerSW1990cell
GONGBen-gang,XUHuai-yong,CHENGPi-guang,GAOChong-chong,WUJun-ben.
DepartmentofHepatobiliarySurgery,BinzhouPeople′sHospital,BinzhouMedicalCollege,Shandong256600,China
XUHuai-yong,Email:xhy314552445@163.com
ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of MMI-166 on the proliferation and apoptosis of human pancreatic cancer SW1990 cells.MethodsMMI-166 of different concentrations (25, 50, 100 μg/ml) were used to treat human pancreatic cancer SW1990 cell for 24, 48 h. Effect of MMI-166 on cell proliferation was detected by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazole)-2-5-biphenly-tetrazole bromide (MTT) method and effect on cell apoptosis was tested by Annexin V-PI method and flow cytometry (FCM).ResultsTwenty-four hours after MMI-166 treatment of different concentrations (25, 50, 100 μg/ml), the inhibitory rates of the cells were (34.23±3.87)%, (44.81±2.01)%, (53.91±1.74)%, and the corresponding values were (39.95±1.83)%, (52.26±3.46)%, (63.20±2.48)% at 48 h, which suggested a time-and concentration-dependent manner. The cell′s apoptosis rates were (11.19±0.47)%, (23.01±0.53)%, (28.10±0.52)% at 24 h, and the corresponding values were (11.19±0.47)%, (23.01±0.53)%, (28.10±0.52)% at 48 h, which were significantly higher than those in control group [(0.09±0.12)%,P<0.05].ConclusionsMMI-166 can inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis of human pancreatic SW1990 cell in a time- and concentration-dependent manner.
Pancreatic neoplasms; Cell line, tumor; Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases; Cell proliferation; Apoptosis
10.3760/cma.j.issn.1674-1935.2012.02.008
山東省科技發(fā)展計劃項目(2009GG20002096)
256600 濱州,濱州醫(yī)學院附屬濱州市人民醫(yī)院肝膽外科
徐懷勇,Email:xhy314552445@163.com
2011-09-26)
(本文編輯:屠振興)