新疆紅花生產(chǎn)現(xiàn)狀及發(fā)展對策研究

周遠(yuǎn)航 郭建富 馬小龍 樊曉琴 陳勇 林明

摘要 [目的]回顧新疆紅花生產(chǎn)歷史及分布，摸清新疆紅花生產(chǎn)現(xiàn)狀，探討發(fā)展對策，以期為新疆紅花產(chǎn)業(yè)的健康、快速、可持續(xù)發(fā)展提供有價(jià)值的參考。[方法]采用實(shí)地調(diào)研并結(jié)合文獻(xiàn)統(tǒng)計(jì)收集整理分析的方式調(diào)查新疆紅花種植歷史，總結(jié)新疆紅花生產(chǎn)現(xiàn)狀及特點(diǎn)，并針對現(xiàn)存問題提出相應(yīng)的對策建議。[結(jié)果]新疆地區(qū)擁有悠久的紅花種植歷史，經(jīng)過多年發(fā)展變遷，伊犁、塔城、昌吉紅花主產(chǎn)區(qū)地位已經(jīng)形成。但由于不同產(chǎn)區(qū)存在自然條件、栽培措施的差異，其種植面積、分布范圍、品種資源等生產(chǎn)特點(diǎn)也各不相同。[結(jié)論]新疆紅花生產(chǎn)存在品種混雜退化、栽培技術(shù)落后、生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營方式粗放、機(jī)械化水平低、產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈過短過窄這樣的限制因素。通過建立新疆紅花良種繁育基地、制定紅花栽培技術(shù)規(guī)程和產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量檢測標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、不斷研發(fā)機(jī)械化采收工藝、拓寬產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展思路，打造優(yōu)勢品牌，提高產(chǎn)品附加值等方式，可有效解決目前新疆紅花產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展現(xiàn)存問題，帶動新疆紅花產(chǎn)區(qū)產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展。

關(guān)鍵詞 新疆紅花;生產(chǎn)現(xiàn)狀;現(xiàn)存問題;發(fā)展對策

中圖分類號 S-9 ??文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼 A

文章編號 0517-6611（2021）19-0199-03

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.19.052

開放科學(xué)（資源服務(wù)）標(biāo)識碼（OSID）：

Research on Current Situation and Development Countermeasures of Xinjiang Safflower Production

ZHOU Yuan-hang， GUO Jian-fu，MA Xiao-long et al （Manasi Agriculture Experiment Station，Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Manasi，Xinjiang 832200）

Abstract [Objective]Review the history and distribution of safflower production in Xinjiang， find out the status quo of safflower production in Xinjiang， and explore development countermeasures in order to provide valuable references for the healthy， rapid and sustainable development of Xinjiang safflower industry.[Method]Using field surveys combined with literature statistics collection and analysis to investigate the history of safflower planting in Xinjiang， summarize the current situation and characteristics of safflower production in Xinjiang， and put forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions for existing problems.[Result]Xinjiang region has a long history of safflower planting. After years of development and changes，Yili， Tacheng， and Changji safflower production areas have taken shape. However， due to differences in natural conditions and cultivation measures in different production areas， their planting area， distribution range， variety resources and other production characteristics are also different.[Conclusion]The production of safflower in Xinjiang has restrictive factors such as mixed varieties and degradation， backward cultivation techniques， extensive production and management methods， low level of mechanization， and short and narrow industrial chains. Through the establishment of Xinjiang safflower seed breeding base， formulation of safflower cultivation technical regulations and product quality inspection standards， continuous research and development of mechanized harvesting technology， broadening of industrial development ideas， building superior brands， and increasing product added value， etc.， it can effectively solve the existing problems in the development of the safflower industry and drive the industrial development of the safflower production area in Xinjiang.