李小甌
摘 要:隨著我國新課程改革的不斷深化,為更好落實(shí)素質(zhì)教育理念,各省份在高考題型上也有了相應(yīng)的調(diào)整。其中浙江省的高考英語從2016年10月以來啟用了新的考試題型,變化較大,最引人注目的是將傳統(tǒng)的寫作題型分為兩個(gè)部分,即應(yīng)用文和讀后續(xù)寫或概要寫作。本文關(guān)注的是讀后續(xù)寫題,并將結(jié)合2017年6月的浙江省高考真題進(jìn)行分析和范例點(diǎn)評。
關(guān)鍵詞:高考;英語;讀后續(xù)寫;試題分析;范例點(diǎn)評
英語讀后續(xù)寫題是向考生提供一篇350詞左右的短文,考生根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容和給出的兩個(gè)段首句續(xù)寫后續(xù)部分,使之構(gòu)成一個(gè)完整的故事。該題型要求考生在閱讀時(shí)不僅要讀懂字面含義,還要理清文章的脈絡(luò)關(guān)系。在續(xù)寫時(shí),合理聯(lián)想并構(gòu)思故事的發(fā)展進(jìn)程、前因后果、場景變化、人物特征和情感等,并用英語表達(dá)出來。同時(shí),在組織語言時(shí),必須使用5個(gè)以上的關(guān)鍵詞。該題型對學(xué)生英語綜合素質(zhì)的要求很高,所以教師應(yīng)認(rèn)真做好高考真題的分析及范例點(diǎn)評。
一、英語讀后續(xù)寫試題分析
2017年6月浙江省高考真題中讀后續(xù)寫部分講述的是這樣一個(gè)故事:Mac Hollan與兩個(gè)朋友外出騎行,但在途中朋友的自行車壞了,要留下來修理,他們鼓勵(lì)Mac自己先騎。不幸的是,Mac在前往目的地的路上遭遇了狼并受到了攻擊。他用噴霧一次次地趕走了狼,但狼仍窮追不舍。這時(shí)一輛目睹了一切的轎車正好經(jīng)過,Mac趕忙停下來想尋求幫助。文章是以“He pulled in front of it as the wolf was catching up fast,just a dozen yards away now”為結(jié)束語的。通過短文內(nèi)容分析可以發(fā)現(xiàn),文中共提到五個(gè)人物,主人公是Mac Hollan,兩個(gè)朋友和兩個(gè)路人Paul and Becky;涉及的場景有home,car;主要發(fā)生的行為有climb,jumped;提及的物件有wolf,bicycle。這些關(guān)鍵信息要應(yīng)用到后續(xù)續(xù)寫內(nèi)容中。
續(xù)寫部分設(shè)置了兩個(gè)段首句,第一段是“The car abruptly stopped in front of him”,考生應(yīng)抓住關(guān)鍵信息the car stopped,對車停后Mac如何擺脫惡狼從而獲救加以描寫,力求寫出千鈞一發(fā)的緊迫感,同時(shí)還要合乎情理。第二段是“A few minutes later,the other two cyclists arrived”。該句承上啟下,需要考生展開聯(lián)想,朋友到了之后會(huì)發(fā)生什么,Mac又會(huì)有何感想,在續(xù)寫中加以提煉升華。
二、英語讀后續(xù)寫范例點(diǎn)評
Paragraph 1:
The car abruptly stopped in front of him. Mac crashed into the car with a loud bang.As a result,he fell off the bicycle and had his left ankle twisted. Hardly had Mac stood up when the wolf arrived and was about to launch another attack.Mac was going to die when suddenly the wolf was hit right on the head by a piece of rock.The wolf fell back,howling with pain.It was Paul who did this.Becky helped Mac climb into the car,while Paul kept shouting and throwing stones at the wolf.
Paragraph 2:
A few minutes later, the other two cyclists arrived. They were shocked at what they saw and joined Paul.One of Macs friends picked out some raw meat and threw it to the wolf. Satisfied with what he got,the wolf ran into the woods. Mac thanked Paul and Becky,“How grateful I am that you stopped to save me and I owe it to you that Im still alive.” As Mac got injured,the three men had to give up the rest of their journey and returned home.
這篇續(xù)寫內(nèi)容與短文的契合度較高,人物角度定位準(zhǔn)確,與段首句的銜接自然流暢。語言運(yùn)用上,動(dòng)詞描寫特別準(zhǔn)確到位,如Mac撞上汽車并摔倒用了crashed into,fell off,狼想發(fā)起攻擊用了launch another attack,狼被擊打用了was hit right on the head,狼的吼叫用了howling,Mac受傷后千方百計(jì)地想爬進(jìn)車?yán)镉昧薱limb into;語法運(yùn)用上,用了had...twisted,hardly...when...,it was...who...等高級句型和結(jié)構(gòu),豐富了語言。但在邏輯上,“One of Macs friends picked out some raw meat and threw it to the wolf”這句存在一些問題,應(yīng)交代下生肉是哪里來的。但總體而言,該續(xù)寫邏輯清晰,表達(dá)準(zhǔn)確,并應(yīng)用到了6個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞,是一篇優(yōu)秀的習(xí)作。
三、結(jié)束語
通過上面的試題分析及案例點(diǎn)評可以看出讀后續(xù)寫題型既考查學(xué)生對所學(xué)語言知識的運(yùn)用能力,又考查學(xué)生的發(fā)散思維能力和創(chuàng)造力,是對傳統(tǒng)作文題型的升級。該題型能全面地考核學(xué)生的英語綜合能力,應(yīng)廣泛地推廣到全國高考中。
參考文獻(xiàn)
[1]趙海萍,劉繼華.2017年6月浙江省高考英語讀后續(xù)寫試題分析及范例點(diǎn)評[J].作文新天地(高中版),2017,33(09):54-64.