杜松林
[摘要]高中英語教學的目的之一就是要培養(yǎng)學生運用所學英語進行口筆語的表達能力,因此教師在教學過程中,要充分利用和挖掘課文中的教學資源來培養(yǎng)學生的語言表達能力,培養(yǎng)學生的語感。
[關(guān)鍵詞]課文整體教學 表達能力 表達技巧
學生進入高中階段,邏輯思維和獨立思考能力有了進一步的發(fā)展,接受新的信息快了,思路也更加敏銳了。在英語學習方面,他們有了一定的語音、語法基礎(chǔ),并且掌握了一定的詞匯量。但是如何活用這些詞匯與語法,使之轉(zhuǎn)化為口筆語能力,從而能使學生達到高中階段教學大綱的要求,這是我們教學的目的。針對高中階段的特點,聯(lián)系教學中的一些體會,本人談?wù)勅绾卧诮虒W實踐中培養(yǎng)學生正確運用語言,提高表達能力的幾點嘗試:
一、在課文教學中采用整體教學法
在英語課文教學中,采用課文整體教學法,學生可以直接掌握句子銜接、層次轉(zhuǎn)換、段落過渡等書面表達技巧。貫徹課文整體教學法應(yīng)從預(yù)習入手。教師準備好預(yù)習提綱以檢查學生預(yù)習效果,就以高中英語外研版必修四Model1 Life in the future中課文The city of the Future為例,導入新課后,給學生留十分鐘左右的時間預(yù)習課文,同時利用多媒體展示下列題目:
1.which of the following statements about the city of the future is NOT true?
A.we will use lots of recycled materials and waste less natural resources.
B.we will have to rely more on alternative evergy.
C.A teacher at a university in Texas in the US asked his students to think how they would run around the city in the year 2025.
D.No one knows what the city of the future will look like?
2.Whats the sentence“they are going to get bigger before they get smaller”likely to mean?
A.they are going to produce more before they are reduced.
B.Only if they become smaller, they can get more.
C.We will think of more alternative energy before natural resources are used up.
D.Natural resources will get more before they get smaller.
3.Dicide whether the following sentences are true or false.
⑴It is easy to make predictions of what the city of the future will look like.
⑵In the future, care for the environment will become very important because of natural resources being used up.
⑶There must be plenty of things about city life of the future .
⑷Garbage ships can send waste materials to the sea,
⑸All shopping will be placed orders online.
⑹All forms of recreation will be provided be the city for free.
⑺In the future operations will be carried out away from the doctors.
⑻People can go anywhere in the world using common cameras fixed on their head.
這些練習有助于學生對課文大意建立初步而完整的認識,然后通對課文的講解和分析,由粗到細,要求學生對段落大意及文章中心思想進行概括,并根據(jù)所提供的關(guān)鍵詞或短語,用自已的語言復(fù)述課文。在多種訓練的同時,學生的語言組織能力和表達能力必將得到鍛煉和提高。如外研版高中必修一Model 1 My first day at senior high這種課文,描寫學校的句子多,一般學生熟悉生詞后,是不難掌握的其內(nèi)容。對此類課文務(wù)必使用整體教學法,使學生進行大量的實踐練習,培養(yǎng)語感,鍛煉實際運用語言的能力。
二、培養(yǎng)學生運用語言知識和素材于表達之中
學課文知識的目的是為運用語言能力服務(wù)的,因此不能僅局限于所學的句型、語法和詞匯等知識上。英語課的理論要與實踐相結(jié)合,使語法熟練運用于語言表達之中。這就要求教師在語法分析方面適可而止,做到精講多練,讓學生有更多的操練機會。講解語言點應(yīng)以句子為單位,但句子一般只傳遞單一信息,所以教師可以適時地設(shè)計情景,在一個語段中體會語言點的運用。如外研版高中課本必修五模塊1 British and American English ,我利用課本中的幾個短語(劃線部分),我編了一個故事情節(jié)以引導學生掌握學習短語和句型的方法,